HarmonyOS開發實例：【分布式數據管理】

介紹

本示例展示了在eTS中分布式數據管理的使用，包括KVManager對象實例的創建和KVStore數據流轉的使用。

通過設備管理接口[@ohos.distributedDeviceManager]，實現設備之間的kvStore對象的數據傳輸交互，該對象擁有以下能力 ;
1、注冊和解除注冊設備上下線變化監聽
2、發現周邊不可信設備
3、認證和取消認證設備
4、查詢可信設備列表
5、查詢本地設備信息，包括設備名稱，設備類型和設備標識
6、發布設備發現

效果預覽

使用說明 |

1.兩臺設備組網。

2.在一臺界面中點擊右上角的流轉按鈕，在彈窗中選擇對端設備拉起對端設備上的應用。

3.拉起對端設備后，在界面中點擊"+"按鈕新增筆記卡片，點擊每個卡片右上角的"X"按鈕可以刪除此卡片，可以看到對端設備和當前設備界面數據保持一致。

4.操作對端設備，當前設備界面也會保持和對端設備界面顯示一致。

具體實現

管理kvStore

1、頁面初始化時獲取此應用所需能力：引入@ohos.data.distributedKVStore初始化kvstore數據庫并對使用kvstore.on數據change進行監聽，通過appstorge判斷獲取相應的key判斷是否是分布式節點 。

源碼：

/*

 * Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.

 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

 * You may obtain a copy of the License at

 *

 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

 *

 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

 * limitations under the License.

 */



import abilityAccessCtrl from '@ohos.abilityAccessCtrl'

import common from '@ohos.app.ability.common'

import { NoteModel } from '../model/NoteDataModel'

import { NoteListItem } from '../common/NoteItem'

import NoteDataSource from '../common/BasicDataSource'

import { TitleBar } from '../common/TitleBar'

import { KvStoreModel } from '../model/KvStoreModel'

import { RemoteDeviceModel } from '../model/RemoteDeviceModel'

import { transStrToNoteModel } from '../model/NoteDataModel'

import Logger from '../util/Logger'

import Want from '@ohos.app.ability.Want';



const NOTES_CHANGE = 'notesChange'

const EXIT = 'exit'

let kvStoreModel: KvStoreModel = new KvStoreModel()

let notesNum: number = 0

const TAG = 'KvstoreIndexPage'



@Entry

@Component

struct Index {

  private noteDataSource: NoteDataSource = new NoteDataSource([new NoteModel('', '')]);

  @State isDistributed: boolean = false

  private remoteDeviceModel: RemoteDeviceModel = new RemoteDeviceModel()



  aboutToAppear() {

    let context = getContext(this) as common.UIAbilityContext

    let atManager = abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager()

    try {

      atManager.requestPermissionsFromUser(context,['ohos.permission.DISTRIBUTED_DATASYNC']).then((data) = > {

        Logger.info(TAG, `data: ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)

      }).catch((err: object) = > {

        Logger.info(TAG, `err: ${JSON.stringify(err)}`)

      })

    } catch (err) {

      Logger.info(TAG, `catch err- >${JSON.stringify(err)}`);

    }

    let want = JSON.parse(AppStorage.Get('wantMsg')) as Want;

    Logger.info(TAG,`getWant =${JSON.stringify(want)}`);

    if(want.parameters != undefined) {

      if (want.parameters.isStage === 'Stage') {

        this.isDistributed = true

      }

    }

    kvStoreModel.setOnMessageReceivedListener(NOTES_CHANGE, (value) = > {

      Logger.info(TAG,`NOTES_CHANGE${value}`)

      if (this.isDistributed) {

        if (value.search(EXIT) !== -1) {

          Logger.info(TAG,`[json]EXIT${EXIT}`)

          context.terminateSelf((error) = > {

            Logger.info(TAG,`terminateSelf finished, error=${error}`)

          })

        } else {

          let str: string = value.substring(0, value.lastIndexOf('}]') + 2);

          this.noteDataSource.dataArray = transStrToNoteModel(str);

          this.noteDataSource.notifyDataReload()

          let strNum: string = value.substring(value.lastIndexOf('numBegin') + 'numBegin'.length, value.lastIndexOf('numEnd'));

          notesNum = Number(strNum)

        }

      }

    })

  }



  deleteNoteCallBack = (item: NoteModel) = > {

    Logger.info(TAG, `deleteNote${JSON.stringify(item)}`);

    let dataArray: NoteModel[] = this.noteDataSource.dataArray;

    for (let i = 0; i < dataArray.length; i++) {

      Logger.info(TAG, `i = ${i} and dataArray = ${JSON.stringify(dataArray[i])}`)

      if (dataArray[i].title === item.title) {

        Logger.info(TAG, `deleteNote index` + i);

        this.noteDataSource.dataArray.splice(i, 1);

        break

      }

    }

    this.noteDataSource.notifyDataReload()

    kvStoreModel.put(NOTES_CHANGE, JSON.stringify(this.noteDataSource.dataArray) + 'numBegin' + notesNum + 'numEnd');

  }

  startAbilityCallBack = (key: string) = > {

    Logger.info(TAG,`startAbilityCallBack${key}`);

    if (NOTES_CHANGE === key) {

      kvStoreModel.put(NOTES_CHANGE, `${JSON.stringify(this.noteDataSource.dataArray)}numBegin${notesNum}numEnd`);

    }

    if (EXIT === key) {

      kvStoreModel.put(NOTES_CHANGE, EXIT)

    }

  }



  build() {

    Column() {

      TitleBar({

        startAbilityCallBack: this.startAbilityCallBack,

        remoteDeviceModel: this.remoteDeviceModel,

        isDistributed: $isDistributed

      })



      Grid() {

        LazyForEach(this.noteDataSource, (item: NoteModel, index) = > {

          GridItem() {

            NoteListItem({

              note: item,

              deleteNoteCallBack: this.deleteNoteCallBack,

              noteID: index

            })

          }

          .onClick(() = > {

            Logger.info(TAG,`GridItem.click${item.title}`);

            if (item.title === '' && item.content === '') {

              notesNum += 1

              this.noteDataSource.dataArray[this.noteDataSource.dataArray.length-1] = new NoteModel(`note ${notesNum}`, 'noteContent');

              this.noteDataSource.dataArray.push(new NoteModel('', ''));

              this.noteDataSource.notifyDataReload()

              if (this.isDistributed) {

                kvStoreModel.put(NOTES_CHANGE, `${JSON.stringify(this.noteDataSource.dataArray)}numBegin${notesNum}numEnd`);

              }

            }

          })

        }, (item: NoteModel) = > item.title)

      }

      .columnsTemplate('1fr 1fr 1fr')

      .columnsGap(10)

      .rowsGap(10)

      .padding(10)

      .margin({ bottom: 50 })

    }

  }



  onDestroy() {

    if (this.remoteDeviceModel !== null) {

      this.remoteDeviceModel.unregisterDeviceListCallback()

    }

    if (this.isDistributed) {

      this.isDistributed = false

    }

  }

}

2、如果是分布式節點，如果數據發生變化，處理數據并使用.noteDataSource()進行reload數據。
3、頁面通過kvStore對象進行增刪改查會觸發其他已連接設備的kvStore.on監聽。

管理分布式設備（節點）

1、創建設備管理對象，并指定參數kvstore應用包deviceManager.createDeviceManager("ohos.samples.kvstore", (error, value) => {})
2、獲取可信設備列表，"this.deviceManager.getTrustedDeviceListSync())" 。
3、監聽設備狀態，"this.deviceManager.on('deviceStateChange', (data) => {})"，從而對可信設備列表管理。

審核編輯 黃宇